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Performance of the connector

   Connectors knowledge the basic performance of the connector can be divided into three categories: mechanical properties, electrical properties and environmental performance. Another important mechanical properties of the mechanical life of the connector. Mechanical life is actually a durability (Durability) indicators in the national standard GB5095 called it, the operation of machinery. It is first inserted and pulled out once for a loop, after the circulation of the provisions of the plug connector can normally complete its connectivity features (such as contact resistance value) as a basis for judgment.
    Connector

    1. Mechanical properties on the connection in terms of functionality, the insertion force is important to the mechanical properties. Insertion force is divided into insert and extraction force (pull-out strength, also known as separation force), both requirements are different. In the relevant standard, the maximum insertion force requirements and minimum separation force, which indicates that, from the use point of view, the insertion force is small (low insertion force LIF and no insertion force ZIF structure), while the separation force is too small, it will affect the reliability of the contact. Connector insertion force and mechanical life and contact structure (the size of the positive pressure) the site of contact coating quality (coefficient of sliding friction) and the contact member arranged dimensional accuracy (alignment degrees).
    2. The electrical properties of the main electrical performance of the connector contact resistance, insulation resistance and dielectric strength.
① electrical connector contact resistance and quality should have a low and stable contact resistance. Connector contact resistance ranging from a few milliohms to tens of milli-European.
(2) Insulation resistance the insulation performance indicators to measure the electrical connection between the contacts and contact between the shell, on the order of hundreds of megohms to thousands of megohms.
(3) Dielectric strength or resistance, voltage, medium voltage, is the ability to withstand the rated test voltage characterization connector contacts between the contact member and the housing.
④ Other electrical performance.
Evaluation connector electromagnetic interference shielding effect the leakage electromagnetic interference attenuation, leakage of electromagnetic interference attenuation of electromagnetic interference shielding effect is the evaluation of the connector, generally in the range of 100MHz to 10GHz frequency test.
RF coaxial connectors, characteristic impedance, insertion loss, reflection coefficient, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) electrical specifications. Due to the development of digital technology, in order to connect and transfer high-speed digital pulse signal, appeared a new type of connector that is high-speed signal connectors, electrical performance, in addition to the characteristic impedance, also appeared in a number of new electrical indicators , such as crosstalk (crosstalk), propagation delay (delay), delay (skew).
    3. Common environmental performance of environmental performance, including temperature, moisture resistance, salt spray, vibration and shock.
(1) temperature connectors maximum operating temperature of 200 ° C (except for a small number of special high-temperature connector), the lowest temperature to -65 ° C. Connector work, the current at the point of contact to generate heat, causing the temperature rise, operating temperature should be equal to the ambient temperature and the junction temperature rise and it is generally believed. In some regulation which expressly provides for the maximum allowable temperature rise of the connector in the rated operating current.
(2) moisture intrusion of moisture will affect the connection h insulation and corrosion of metal parts. Damp heat test conditions of relative humidity of 90% to 95% (according to the product specification, up to 98%), temperature of +40 ± 20 ° C, test time required by product, at least for 96 hours. Damp heat test is more stringent.
(3) resistance to salt spray connector in the presence of moisture and salt environments, its metal structure, contact with the surface treatment layer may produce galvanic corrosion, impact on the physical and electrical properties of the connector. In order to evaluate the ability to withstand this environment, the electrical connector provides for the salt spray test. It is the connector suspended in a temperature-controlled test chamber with compressed air discharge, with a predetermined concentration of sodium chloride solution, the formation of the salt spray atmosphere, its exposure time as required by the product specifications, at least 48 hours.
(4) vibration and shock resistance to vibration and shock is an important performance of the electrical connector, a special application environment, such as aviation and aerospace, rail and road transport is particularly important, it is a reliable test the robustness of the mechanical structure of the electrical connector and electrical contact an important indicator. Are clearly defined in the test method. The impact test shall be provided that the time of peak acceleration, duration, and shock pulse waveform, as well as electrical discontinuity.
⑤ other environmental performance according to requirements, the electrical connector with other environmental performance tightness (air leak, the pressure of the liquid), the liquid impregnation (abuse-resistant ability of a lot of liquid), low pressure.

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